![]() ![]() maltophilia that provide resistance to a broad range of antibiotics including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, β-lactams, macrolides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, and polymyxins. Once an infection is established treatment is difficult due to the innate and adaptive antibiotic resistance mechanisms encoded by S. maltophilia is easily transmitted between patients and healthcare workers via direct contact and cough-generated aerosols and while predominantly associated with respiratory tract infections, this bacterium can also cause wound and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, severe bacteremia, meningitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, catheter-related bacteremia/septicemia and acute exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis. Unfortunately, this bacterium is rapidly rising in prevalence as a nosocomial and community-derived opportunistic pathogen, associated with a broad spectrum of clinical syndromes. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that is ubiquitous in the environment, often found in close association with plants helping to promote plant growth and nutrient breakdown in the rhizosphere. This research identifies a novel virulent phage and characterization suggests that AX元 is a promising phage therapy candidate, with future research examining modification through genetic engineering to broaden its host range. Functionality testing suggests AX元 is a virulent phage and results show that AX元 uses the type IV pilus, a virulence factor on the cell surface, as its receptor across its host range. Complete genome sequencing and analysis reveals a 47.5 kb genome predicted to encode 65 proteins. maltophilia isolates shows successful infection of five isolates and electron microscopy indicates that AX元 is a member of the Siphoviridae family. Host range analysis using a panel of 29 clinical S. In this study, the novel bacteriophage AX元 (vB_SmaS-AXL_3) was isolated from soil and characterized. An alternative treatment solution in the post-antibiotic era is phage therapy, the use of bacteriophages to selectively kill bacterial pathogens. The rapid increase in the number of worldwide human infections caused by the extremely antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is cause for concern. ![]()
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